What is in your data adapter? It is most likely hard-coded to global time.
When you say "Data Adaptor" I think Data Source (correct me if I'm wrong). In my Data Source for TIME, the Setting 'Data Type' is set to 'DataKey Text'. The Connector Setting, 'Source Field Name' is set to 'Time'
You mentioned using GetAdoDataSetForAdaptor. This returns the dataset from a Data Adapter dashboard component. Neither the help nor knowledge-base mentions the function if you search so no points lost there.
The snippet editor shows:
You can see that one of the parameters is the combinedWsAndAdptrName. If you grab that out of your code and search for the adapter name in the workspaces/dashboards area (object type 'Components') you should be able to find the query/logic that is generating the dataset.
Ultimately you will have two options most likely. Make the existing logic more dynamic so you can pass in a time parameter, or duplicate the adapter to a new version which uses the WF time instead of global time. Former is probably the technically better option, latter is probably the easier.
